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- Newsgroups: alt.drugs,alt.psychoactives
- Subject: Re: Updated version of "Marijuana Myths"
- Message-ID: <8o9y7B1w165w@qedbbs.com>
- From: marsthom@qedbbs.com (Mark Thompson)
- Date: 20 Jul 93 08:13:30 GMT
-
- > I recall an earlier article which compared the LD50's of various
- > substances, and it showed that the illicit drugs are no more
- > dangerous, or sometimes even less dangerous, in that respect. I think
- > another useful comparison would be of the various latencies (is that
- > the correct term?) of various substances, in order to expose that the
- > illicit drugs are also (supposedly) no more dangerous in this respect
- > as well.
- >
- > Does anyone have such a list already compiled, or at least access to
- > such information or cites?
- >
- > - Paul
-
- LD50s for Various Substances
- (with ratios regarding relative safety/toxicity)
- ========================================================================
- Typical "Safety Ratio"
- Substance LD50 route animal Human Dose LD50=Doses/50Kg
- -------------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------------
- LSD 46 mg/Kg iv mice 0.25 mg o 9200
- 16.5 mg/Kg iv rats 3300
- .3 mg/Kg iv rabbits 60
-
- Psilocybin 285 mg/Kg iv mice 12-20 mg o 1187 - 712
- 280 mg/Kg iv rats 1166 - 700
- 12.5 mg/Kg iv rabbit 52 - 31
-
- DMT 110 mg/kg im mouse 60 mg im 91
-
- DET 28 mg/kg iv mouse 60 mg im/po 23
-
- 5-MeO-DMT 115 mg/kg ip mouse 6 mg p 958
-
- DPT 20 mg/kg iv mouse 60 mg po 16
-
- DIPT 26 mg/kg iv mouse 30 mg o 43
-
- THC 1270 mg/Kg o rats(male) 20mg o 3175
- 730 mg/Kg o rats(female) 20mg o 1825
- 105.7 mg/Kg iv rats 5mg(smoked) 1057
- 42 mg/Kg (inhalation) rats 5mg(smoked) 420
-
- Caffeine 127 mg/Kg o mice (male) 100-200mg o 63 - 31
- 137 mg/Kg o mice (female) 68 - 34
- 230 mg/Kg o hamster(male) 115 - 57
- 249 mg/Kg o hamster(female) 124 - 62
- 355 mg/Kg o rat(male) 177 - 88
- 247 mg/Kg o rat(female) 123 - 61
- 246 mg/Kg o rabbit(male) 123 - 61
- 227 mg/Kg o rabbit(female) 113 - 56
-
- Nicotine 230 mg/Kg o mice
- 9.5 mg/Kg ip mice .7mg(smoked) 675
- .3 mg/Kg iv mice 21
-
- Aspirin 1100 mg/Kg o mice 325mg o 169
- 1500 mg/Kg o rats 230
-
- Acetaminophen 338 mg/Kg o mice 500mg o 33.8
- 500 mg/Kg ip mice 50
-
- Vitamin A 2570 mg/Kg o mice 10-20mg o 12850 - 6425
- 1510 mg/Kg ip mice 7550 - 3775
-
- Strychnine .96 mg/Kg iv rats .25mg o 192
- (relative to 1 hit of LSD)
- Succinyl Choline .45 mg/Kg iv mice
-
- VX (nerve gas) .0154 mg/Kg iv rabbits 0 mg none
- -------------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------------
- Substance LD50 route animal Human Dose LD50=Doses/50Kg
- Typical (safety ratio)
- ========================================================================
-
- ================================================================
- Substance Reckoned Safety Ratio (Closest Available Analogy)
- -------------- -------------------------------------------------
- Vitamin A 9637 (mice oral:human oral 15mg)
- LSD 4816 (rodents iv:human oral 0.25mg),averaged
- 5-MeO-DMT 958 (mice intraperitoneal:human parenteral 6mg)
- Psilocybin 641 (rodents iv:human oral 16mg),averaged
- THC 420 (rats inhaled:human smoked 5mg)
- Aspirin 199 (rodents oral:human oral 325mg),averaged
- DMT 91 (mice intramuscular:human intramuscular 60mg)
- Caffeine 84 (rodents oral:human oral 150mg),averaged
- Acetaminophen 34 (mice oral:human oral 500mg)
- Nicotine 21 (mice iv:human smoked 0.7mg)
- VX (Nerve Gas) 0 (just a hunch)
- ===============================================================
-
- Abbreviations:
- iv = intravenous (injected into vein)
- ip = intraperitoneal (injected into body cavity)
- im = intramuscular (injected into muscles)
- o = oral (swallowed or eaten)
- p = parenteral (not by mouth / usually means 'inhaled' or
- 'snorted')
- mg/Kg = milligrams of drug per Kilogram of body weight
- mg = milligrams of drug
-
- NOTES:
-
- All LD50's are normalized to milligrams/Kilogram of animal's body
- weight.
-
- All LD50 data were found in the "The Merck Index, 11th edition".
-
- The "LD50" is the dose of a substance that will kill a selected
- species of experimental animal 50% of the time.
-
- "Typical Human Dose" info is taken from various sources, including
- "Burger's Medicinal Chemistry", "Journal of Psychedelic Drugs",
- "The Merck Manual", "NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical
- Substances",
- cigarette packages, No-Doz bottles, etc.
-
- The "Safety Ratio" was fabricated for the purpose of this information
- file
- based on notions of relative toxicity expressed in various pharmacology
- textbooks and in a taped lecture by Andrew Weil MD.
-
- The "Safety Ratio" is based on the dubious assumption that a human
- has the same LD50 as an experimental animal in relation to body weight.
- The Typical Human Dose for "recreational" or therapeutic purposes
- is expressed in milligrams and the number of those doses required
- to reach the corresponding LD50 for a 50 Kilogram (110 pound) human
- is computed. The assumption here is that the margin of safety for a
- drug is proportional to the number of typical doses a person would have
- to take in order to have a 50% chance of dropping dead were they a
- giant rodent. According to this reasoning, the higher the "Safety Ratio"
- is, the less toxic the drug is at normal dosages.
-
- One might well argue that it is of questionable utility to compare toxic
- responses between various species using different routes of
- administration.
- Needless to say, many rodents have died for our sins.
- ==============================================================
-
- It was later pointed out that what is called above a "safety ratio"
- is roughly equivalent to the pharmacological measure known as
- the "Therapeutic Index". The therapeutic index is a measure of
- the toxicity of a drug relative to it's usual therapeutic dose.
-
- The NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances also lists
- most published LD50 measurements, but does so uncritically. It's
- quite useful as a point of reference.
-
-
-
-
-